You have surely seen structures like this but do you know what they are used for?
Cooling towers are used for cooling a big amount of water by the directed air flow. Today it is one of the most efficient facilities for water cooling in circulation supply systems of industrial companies. High towers create that very air draft required for efficient cooling of circulating water. Extraction towers serve to create natural draft due to gravity difference of the air supplied to the cooling tower and heated air coming out of it.
There is a catch basin under the irrigation ditch.
Due to the tower’s height some part of evaporation comes back to the cycle, another one is blown away by the wind. This is why no humidity, fog and icing form around in winter time.
Cooling towers do not make water ice cold, the temperature of water supplied to a cooling tower is about 40-50C, when it comes out its temperature is 25-30C.
Sometimes it is required by a manufacturing process to cool water down. There can be ordinary cooling towers and so-called “drycoolers”.
Various power plants consume a huge amount of industrial water, mainly for cooling units and aggregates. As a result the water is heated, of course. As it moves further inside the closed circuit system (not drained into a river but further used for aggregates cooling) it should be cooled. The colder water is, the more effectively it cools aggregates and units.
The cooling process in cooling towers happens due to partial water evaporation and heat exchange with the air.
Extraction tower is the most complicated element of the whole system.
Water contacts with the air and gives it some part of its heat thereby decreasing its own temperature.
Depending on an irrigation system cooling towers can be:
- film-type ones;
- drip-type ones;
- spray-type ones;
- dry ones.
Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.
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