In a sci-fi movie "Martian" an astranaut left on the Mars all alone tries to survive in any possible ways. It is especially curious how he produces water and grows potatoes - but actually something like this had already been done by Soviet scientists fifty years ago. Working on prototypes of future bases on the Moon and other planets, they managed to create practically closed systems that independantly produced air, water and even food for participants of the experiment.
In the 60-70s at the order of a world-known scientist Sergey Korolev they made a prototype of a space station where people could live for months without obtaining water, air and food from outside. That result has never been repeated by anyone since then.
How did it all happen? They built a hermetic bunker in Krasnoyarsk to lodge participants of the experiment. They could take only a bit of water, some oxygen and food. Everything had to be provided by the system itself. In fact it is just like settling on the Moon or Mars. The projects were called BIOS-1 and BIOS-2.
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