The lawsuit, filed Friday by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) in federal district court in New York, argues that an ingredient in the herbicide – glyphosate – has had devastating effects on monarch butterflies, causing the population to halve in seven years.
READ MORE: Monarch butterfly may be listed as endangered species after 90% population drop
Glyphosate destroys milkweed, the only food consumed by monarch butterflies in their migration. The lawsuit states that federal law requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to ensure that the pesticides it approves will not cause “unreasonable adverse effects on the environment, including wildlife.” The suit alleges the agency never considered glyphosate’s impacts on monarchs.
A year ago, the NRDC and other environmental groups submitted a petition to the EPA asking them to review a large body of scientific evidence showing the effects of glyphosates, but the EPA did not respond to the petition.
As we debate #TheDress, @NRDC sues EPA to force action on #whiteandgold Monarch butterflies http://t.co/1ZwkYU3KQF http://ift.tt/1Dk7wpZ
— Isabel Keating (@IsabelXKeating) February 27, 2015
In response, the EPA issued a statement saying it is taking several steps to protect the butterflies, but that the science on the issue "is still evolving."
"There are multiple factors that may be affecting monarchs including loss of habitat, weather and pesticides," the EPA said.
The orange-and-black spotted monarchs are renowned for migrating several thousand miles across the US, Canada, and Mexico. The Center for Biological Diversity said their numbers have fallen dramatically in recent years. The lawsuit states the population was tallied at one billion in 1997 and this winter was down to 56.5 million butterflies, the second-lowest number ever measured.
The suit seeks a court order forcing the EPA to evaluate glyphosate's effects on monarchs and impose measures to mitigate harm to the butterflies.
READ MORE: Monsanto’s Roundup system threatens extinction of monarch butterflies - report
The US Fish and Wildlife Service said at the end of December 2014 that it would conduct a one-year status review of the butterfly to determine if the species is warranted protection under the Endangered Species Act. This month it announced it was helping launch a $3.2 million campaign aimed at saving the butterfly’s habitat.
Last year, the NRDC sued the EPA in federal court in Washington, DC over its approval of the DowAgro Sciences pesticide ‘Enlist Duo,’ which contains glyphosate. The NRDC said at the time of filing that while the group recognizes that deforestation and climate change have contributed to the decline in the butterfly species, “the massive loss of milkweed habitat is the main culprit.”
“…Glyphosate has wiped out the milkweed they need to survive,” said Sylvia Fallon, a senior scientist at NRDC. “EPA completely ignored the impact on monarchs when it granted this new approval, and seriously underestimated the toxicity for people.”
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